Showing Metabocard for Fe(2+) (BASm0001658)

Common NameFe(2+)
DescriptionIron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. Iron makes up 5% of the Earth's crust and is second in abundance to aluminium among the metals and fourth in abundance among the elements. Physiologically, it. exists as an ion in the body. Iron (as Fe2+, ferrous ion) is a necessary trace element used by all known living organisms. Iron-containing enzymes, usually containing heme prosthetic groups, participate in catalysis of oxidation reactions in biology, and in transport of a number of soluble gases. Iron is an essential constituent of hemoglobin, cytochrome, and other components of respiratory enzyme systems. Its chief functions are in the transport of oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in cellular oxidation mechanisms. Inorganic iron involved in redox reactions is also found in the iron-sulfur clusters of many enzymes, such as nitrogenase (involved in the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen) and hydrogenase. A class of non-heme iron proteins is responsible for a wide range of functions such as ribonucleotide reductase (reduces ribose to deoxyribose; DNA biosynthesis) and purple acid phosphatase (hydrolysis of phosphate esters). When the body is fighting a bacterial infection, the body sequesters iron inside of cells (mostly stored in the storage molecule ferritin) so that it cannot be used by bacteria. Depletion of iron stores may result in iron-deficiency anemia. Iron is used to build up the blood in anemia. Humans experience iron toxicity above 20 milligrams of iron for every kilogram of weight, and 60 milligrams per kilogram is a lethal dose. Over-consumption of iron, often the result of children eating large quantities of ferrous sulfate tablets intended for adult consumption, is the most common toxicological cause of death in children under six. The DRI lists the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for adults as 45 mg/day. For children under fourteen years old the UL is 40 mg/day. Iron is a metal extracted from iron ore, and is almost never found in the free elemental state.
Structure
Molecular FormulaFe
Average Mass55.84500
Monoisotopic Mass55.93494
IUPAC Nameiron(2+) ion
Traditional NameIron ion(2+)
CAS Registry Number15438-31-0
SMILES[Fe+2]
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/Fe/q+2
InChI KeyCWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CHEBI IDCHEBI:29033
HMDB IDHMDB0000692
Pathways
NameSMPDB/PathBank
Tyrosine metabolism
pentose phosphate pathway
Pyrimidine metabolism
Tryptophan metabolism
Inositol phosphate metabolism
Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Metabolism
Cysteine Metabolism
Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism
Porphyrin Metabolism
Retinol Metabolism
Aromatic L-Aminoacid Decarboxylase Deficiency
Beta Ureidopropionase Deficiency
Dihydropyrimidinase Deficiency
MNGIE (Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalopathy)
Phenylketonuria
UMP Synthase Deficiency (Orotic Aciduria)
Vitamin A Deficiency
Hereditary Coproporphyria (HCP)
Acute Intermittent Porphyria
Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria (CEP) or Gunther Disease
Porphyria Variegata (PV)
Tyrosinemia Type 2 (or Richner-Hanhart syndrome)
Tyrosinemia Type 3 (TYRO3)
Carnitine Synthesis
Tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency
Beta-mercaptolactate-cysteine disulfiduria
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency
Transaldolase deficiency
Cystinosis, ocular nonnephropathic
The Oncogenic Action of Succinate
The Oncogenic Action of Fumarate
StateSolid
Water SolubilityNot Available
logP-0.77
logSNot Available
pKa (Strongest Acidic)Not Available
pKa (Strongest Basic)Not Available
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0
Hydrogen Donor Count0
Polar Surface Area0 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count0
Physiological Charge2
Formal Charge2
Refractivity0.00 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability1.78

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